Estratégias nutricionais para potencializar o uso do nitrogênio em ruminantes

Renata Santos Fróes. 
Instituto Federal Baiano, Campus Santa Inês. 

Diego Novais Pinheiro. 
Instituto Federal do Piauí, Campus Uruçuí. 

Publicado em: 20 set. 2023.

Como citar:

FRÓES, R. S.; PINHEIRO, D. N.. Estratégias nutricionais para potencializar o uso do nitrogênio em ruminantes. Boletim Científico Agronômico do CCAAB/UFRB, v. 1, e2258, 2023. Disponível em: https://ufrb.edu.br/ccaab/boletim-cientifico-agronomico-do-ccaab-volume1/2258-2258-pdf

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Resumo: Este artigo de revisão analisou estratégias alimentares para otimizar o uso do nitrogênio por ruminantes, visando à produção animal sustentável e à redução dos impactos ambientais na pecuária intensiva. Foram abordadas as manipulações da dieta e nutrição, como o uso de saponinas, óleos essenciais e extrato de própolis. As saponinas, substâncias fitoquímicas presentes em plantas, foram destacadas por sua capacidade de inibir protozoários ruminais, contribuindo para a redução da emissão de metano e a melhoria da eficiência da síntese de proteína microbiana. Já os óleos essenciais, compostos aromáticos voláteis, mostraram-se eficazes na modulação da fermentação ruminal, redução da produção de metano e aumento da eficiência energética. O extrato de própolis, uma substância resinosa produzida por abelhas, foi discutido devido às suas propriedades antimicrobianas seletivas, que impactam positivamente a fermentação ruminal, reduzindo a degradação de proteínas e a produção de amônia. Em última análise, a otimização do uso do nitrogênio por ruminantes é essencial para a sustentabilidade da produção animal. As estratégias alimentares apresentadas oferecem oportunidades promissoras para melhorar a eficiência produtiva e reduzir o impacto ambiental, contribuindo para um futuro mais sustentável na pecuária. No entanto, a pesquisa contínua e a colaboração entre cientistas, produtores e formuladores de políticas são necessárias para avançar nesse campo e alcançar soluções práticas e eficazes.

Palavras-chave: Saponinas. Óleos essenciais. Extrato de própolis. Nutrição animal. Sustentabilidade.

Abstract: This review article examined dietary strategies to optimize nitrogen utilization in ruminants, aiming for sustainable animal production and reduced environmental impacts in intensive livestock farming. Dietary and nutritional manipulations, such as the use of saponins, essential oils, and propolis extract, were discussed. Saponins, phytochemical substances found in plants, were highlighted for their ability to inhibit ruminal protozoa, contributing to methane emission reduction and improved microbial protein synthesis efficiency. Essential oils, volatile aromatic compounds, proved effective in modulating ruminal fermentation, reducing methane production, and enhancing energy efficiency. Propolis extract, a resinous substance produced by bees, was explored due to its selective antimicrobial properties, positively impacting ruminal fermentation by reducing protein degradation and ammonia production. Ultimately, optimizing nitrogen utilization in ruminants is crucial for the sustainability of animal production. The presented dietary strategies offer promising opportunities to enhance productivity and reduce environmental impact, contributing to a more sustainable future in livestock farming. However, ongoing research and collaboration among scientists, producers, and policymakers are necessary to advance this field and achieve practical and effective solutions.

Keywords: Saponins. Essential oils. Propolis extract. Animal nutrition.

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